Open data · Whistleblower rewards

Paid to blow the whistle.

Some governments pay people who report fraud a share of the money their tip brings in. In the United States that has meant awards of more than US$100 million. Elsewhere it is rare and small. Here are the reward programmes we have found so far, how much they pay, and where each number comes from.

All the numbers, sources and downloads in the data portal →

18,298
numbers
2,460
awards and cases
582
documents and articles
34
programmes
Money paid to whistleblowers in the United States, each year
The four biggest US programmes, by US government fiscal year (October to September). Tap or click any point to see the document it comes from.
US$0US$200mUS$400mUS$600m19901995200020052010201520202025IRS reformSEC and CFTC programmes startSECIRSCFTC

False Claims Act: the whistleblowers' share of recoveries (Justice Department statistics). SEC, CFTC, IRS: money paid out in the year, which can include awards decided earlier. Where documents disagree, the line follows the most official, most recent and most precise figure.

What the numbers show

Eight things this data tells you

US$104m

paid by the IRS in 2012 to Bradley Birkenfeld, the UBS banker who exposed how the bank helped Americans hide money in Switzerland. He had also served prison time for his own part in it.

US$279m

the largest award the SEC has paid to one whistleblower, in 2023. The SEC never names them.

6,911 → 27,000

tips a year to the SEC, from fiscal 2020 to fiscal 2025. Most never lead to an award.

30%, no cap

is what South Korea now pays for reports of corruption, since September 2026. The cap was ₩200 million when the scheme began in 2002.

£1.4m

paid to informants by the UK tax authority in 2025/26, its most ever. In November 2025 it started a US-style scheme paying 15–30% of big recoveries.

0

awards paid by the US money-laundering programme (FinCEN) since tips began in 2021, though it got 203 in 2024 alone: its rules aren't final yet.

The biggest awards

The largest whistleblower awards on record

One row per award, in US dollars. Several documents often describe the same award; they count once here. Click any row for the order or release behind it.
Every programme

34 programmes that reward whistleblowers

Every reward scheme we found, open and closed. The reward line is written from each programme's rules; the numbers are what its agency publishes.
United StatesOpen
False Claims Act lawsuits
since 1863
15–30% of what the government recovers4,971 numbers · 536 cases
United StatesOpen
SEC whistleblower programme
since 2011
10–30% of sanctions over US$1 million2,534 numbers · 1,387 cases
United StatesOpen
IRS Whistleblower Office
since 2006
15–30% of tax collected (cases over US$2 million)3,832 numbers · 8 cases
United StatesOpen
CFTC whistleblower programme
since 2011
10–30% of sanctions over US$1 million560 numbers · 235 cases
United StatesOpen
Texas Medicaid Fraud Prevention Act
A share of what the state recovers50 numbers · 79 cases
United StatesOpen
Wildlife trafficking rewards
since 1983
At the agency's discretion77 numbers · 25 cases
United StatesOpen
FinCEN money-laundering and sanctions tips
since 2021
10–30% of sanctions over US$1 million62 numbers
United StatesOpen
NHTSA car-safety tips
since 2015
10–30% of sanctions over US$1 million18 numbers · 6 cases
United StatesOpen
New York False Claims Act
15–30% of what the state recovers6 numbers
United StatesOpen
California False Claims Act
A share of what the state recovers1 number · 3 cases
United StatesClosed
Treasury kleptocracy rewards
2022–2024
Up to US$5 million2 numbers
United StatesOpen
Ship pollution (APPS) awards
since 1980
Up to half the fine, if the court agreesNo numbers · 1 case
United StatesOpen
Justice Department antitrust rewards
since 2025
15–30% of the fineNo numbers · 1 case
United StatesOpen
Justice Department corporate whistleblower pilot
since 2024
Up to 30% of the first US$100 million forfeited1 number
United StatesOpen
Indian protection qui tam (25 U.S.C. 201)
since 1834
No numbers
United StatesStatus unclear
Bank-fraud declarations (FIRREA)
since 1990
Sliding scale, from 20–30% of the first US$1 millionNo numbers
United StatesOpen
Illinois False Claims Act
A share of what the state recoversNo numbers
CanadaOpen
Offshore Tax Informant Program
5–15% of federal tax collected19 numbers
CanadaOpen
Ontario Securities Commission
since 2016
5–15% of sanctions, up to C$5 million54 numbers · 8 cases
GhanaStatus unclear
Whistleblower Reward Fund
since 2006
10% of money recoveredNo numbers
HungaryOpen
Hungarian Competition Authority
since 2010
1% of the fine, up to HUF 50 million15 numbers · 1 case
LithuaniaOpen
Prosecutor General's rewards
At the prosecutor's discretion, no cap22 numbers
LithuaniaNo reward
Lithuania whistleblower protection: reports, status and protective measures (Law on the Protection of Whistleblowers, Prosecutor's Office)
since 2019
43 numbers
LithuaniaOpen
Competition Council rewards
since 2019
1% of the fine, up to €100,000No numbers
SlovakiaClosed
Ministry of Justice rewards
since 2015
Up to 50 times the minimum wageNo numbers
SlovakiaOpen
Slovak Antimonopoly Office
since 2014
1% of the fine, up to €100,000No numbers
SlovakiaNo reward
Slovakia Whistleblower Protection Office: protection, reports and enforcement (Act No. 54/2019)
since 2021
181 numbers
SlovakiaOpen
Whistleblower Protection Office
since 2021
Up to 50 times the minimum wage10 numbers · 1 case
South KoreaOpen
Anti-corruption commission rewards
since 2002
30% of money recovered, no cap (since September 2026)5,807 numbers · 159 cases
TaiwanOpen
Rewards for reporting corruption
Up to NT$10 millionNo numbers
United KingdomOpen
Competition and Markets Authority
Up to £250,000No numbers
United KingdomOpen
HMRC payments to informants
At HMRC's discretion24 numbers
United KingdomOpen
HMRC Strengthened Reward Scheme
since 2025
15–30% of tax collected (over £1.5 million)6 numbers
European UnionNo reward
EU Whistleblower Directive
since 2019
No reward: protection onlyNo numbers
Inside the US programmes

More tips, more lawsuits, long waits

Tips to the SEC have roughly quadrupled since 2020, and whistleblower lawsuits under the False Claims Act hit a record in 2025. Getting paid takes years: the IRS reports the average wait from claim to payment.
Tips to the SEC, each fiscal year
010k20k30k20122014201620182020202220242026
False Claims Act lawsuits filed by whistleblowers
0119901995200020052010201520202025
Claims sent to the IRS Whistleblower Office
05k10k15k20k20042006200820102012201420162018202020222024

The IRS changed how it counts claims more than once; click a point for the definition behind it.

For IRS awards paid in fiscal 2024 under the mandatory rules, the average time from claim to payment was 10.87 years.

Outside the US

Few countries pay, and most pay little

South Korea is the only country outside the US paying sizeable rewards year after year. The UK tax authority pays informants under £1.5 million a year; Ontario's securities regulator has wound its payments down. Competition authorities in the UK, Hungary, Slovakia and Lithuania offer small capped rewards.
South Korea: rewards paid each year
₩0₩2bn₩4bn₩6bn200220042006200820102012201420162018202020222024CorruptionPublic interest
UK tax authority: paid to informants
£0£500k£1m£2m2008201020122014201620182020202220242026
Ontario: paid to whistleblowers
C$0C$2mC$4mC$6mC$8m20182020202220242026
The people

Paid, prosecuted, or ignored

The same act can make someone rich or put them on trial, depending on where they live and who they tell. Names appear only where the whistleblower went public or a court or agency named them.
Timeline

409 laws, rulings and awards

Every number

Search and check every number

Each number is one claim from one document, with its page and a quote. Final figures, estimates and claims by interested parties are kept apart, and where documents disagree, every version is here.
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The data

Free to use, with every source

The whole dataset is on GitHub under CC BY 4.0: 18,298 numbers, 2,460 awards and cases, the reward rules over time and the laws behind them, with stored copies of 558 official documents.

In the data portal you can search, filter and download every table, each row with its source, page and quote.

How it was checked

Every quote was matched against the stored document by a script, or checked by eye where the number sits in a chart. A second AI model re-read a sample of 1,746 numbers from the documents without seeing the first answer; where the two differed, the page itself decided. That caught eight South Korean amounts recorded 100 times too small, now corrected.

Not complete yet. We have not yet extracted every table from every document we store. Each document has a status (not reviewed, partial, complete) in the coverage file, and gaps are listed as to-dos.